Thursday, August 27, 2020

Institutional Racism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Institutional Racism - Essay Example This paper represents that in 2004, measurements showed that per capita pay for Whites, African Americans, and Hispanics in the USA are $25,203, $16035, and $14,106 separately. Thus, the 2005 joblessness rate for Whites, African Americans and Hispanics was 4%, 8.5%, and 4.5% individually. Those secured by private medical coverage for Whites, African Americans and Hispanics for a similar period were 71.4%, 53.9%, and 41.7% individually. The instruction area likewise experiences institutional bigotry. Instruction keeps on picking up an incentive in present day society and guardians might want their kids to get the most ideal nature of training. Thusly, there has been an expansion in the quantity of global understudies looking for additional training in outside mainlands, for example, America and Europe. Instruction in these landmasses is seen to be of higher caliber. These understudies are given one of a kind open doors for worldwide introduction even as they extraordinarily add to the monetary development of the host nations. Simultaneously, universal understudies are confronted with a horde of difficulties outside their ability to control and once in a while they need to suffer until the finish of their investigations. Institutional prejudice alludes to designs in the general public whereby unfriendly, troublesome or severe conditions are applied towards certain recognizable gatherings dependent on their race, ethnicity and skin shading. As a global understudy from the United Arab Emirates and learning at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, the creator experienced standardized bigotry in different structures, to the weakness of worldwide understudies. They have occurrences for example where dark and other shaded understudies are truly manhandled by their white partners nearby. An ongoing scene of open grounds bigotry happened when a few understudies accepted to have a place with a brotherhood arranged a gathering in remembrance of Martin Luther King’ s birth and dark understudies were derided. Nonblack understudies wore baggy b-ball shirts, flashed indications of groups and alcoholic from emptied out watermelons to communicate something specific of joke to their dark partners. Despite the fact that the whole understudy brotherhood got the episode with doubt, shock, and scorn, it indicated how profound bigotry is standardized in the training framework.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Who are the main actors and stakeholders in US-Mexican drug problem Essay

Who are the primary on-screen characters and partners in US-Mexican medication issue - Essay Example The cost of medication war related passings has arrived at 28,228 since January 2007, as dependent on information examined by the University of San-Diego Trans-Border Institute taken from Agencia Reforma news gathering. It is a war battled with the assistance of 45,000 troopers and 5,000 government powers in 18 states where dealing bunches are attempting to gain admittance to the US showcase for selling drugs as there is all out forbiddance on the offer of medications in the US. There has been repetitive progression of arms toward the South while cartel-connected wrongdoing has been going towards North (LAT 2010). One of the principle partners in the medication dealing, the US, isn't perceiving the evil impacts of the war between the illegal partners and the dynamic players, specifically the Mexican government, the US government and the press pursuing an aggregate war against the dealers. In stead of reproaching Hillary Clinton on her comments that brutality in Mexico has developed to such extents as all out revolt, the President Obama should give pressing consideration to the happenings by assembling a conference to examine the repercussions of expanding savagery with the individuals from his national security group and outside specialists (Carpenter 2010). Different entertainers and partners in the US-Mexican medication issue incorporate the media journalists boldly associated with covering the exercises of medication cartels. Medication mafia has pursued a counter-war against correspondents slaughtering in excess of 30 writers since 2006. Working conditions for journalists are worse than they are looking in nations like Iraq, Sudan and Afghanistan. Media has been constrained there to assume the job of a quiet observer by not conspicuously covering the exercises of medication mafia. The terrorizing of the media has crossed the cutoff points to the degree that in one of the publications El Diario, the fundamental paper in Ciudad Juarez, the focal point of brutality in Mexico’s medicate war, has looked for exhortation from dealers on what to distribute and what not after the dealers executed one of

Friday, August 21, 2020

Guidelines For Writing Scientific Papers

Guidelines For Writing Scientific PapersGuidelines for writing scientific papers are intended to clarify and outline a writer's options and then guide him or her through the process of writing a paper. Although writers who rely on guidelines will probably still choose to follow them, it is still important to remember that all writers have their own individual style and this style must be respected when submitting a paper.It can help the writer to have some sort of structure in mind before beginning to write a paper since writing without a plan can be difficult. Writing with a structured plan will also make it easier to revise a paper later on if needed.The first step in developing a plan for writing a paper is to decide what types of questions the paper should address. Usually, a researcher who has an idea for a paper should start with a question he/she already knows the answer to, such as 'What does folic acid do?' From there, other questions will need to be addressed, such as 'Is t here any difference between the blood and the urine of folic acid supplement users?'There are a few important aspects of outlining the research study. The first is the beginning of the outline, which should include the starting point of the paper, the main concept or hypothesis, the use of technology in conducting the research, the methodology used to collect and analyze data, and the specific methodology of the research. There should also be an explanation of how the research was conducted and how it was controlled for.Writing guidelines for writing scientific papers usually include a section on creating a discussion section. This part can contain the various explanations of how results were obtained or controlled for. For example, the use of mouse DNA markers in the research can be explained in a discussion section.The discussion should be centered around two or three paragraphs and should include information such as background, discussion, or supporting evidence, and conclusion. Depending on the research, the discussion should take place at different points in the paper. Each paragraph should provide a balanced review of the study, with each paragraph providing adequate explanation for the data presented and its use in the paper.Finally, to help the writer to understand the paper's purpose and provide a better understanding of the journal, the paper should include a summary of the research. This summary can usually be found at the end of the paper or on a separate page; however, the summary should be designed to provide useful information to the reader and should include key points from the paper.Guidelines for writing scientific papers will certainly make it easier for the writer to write a good paper and to follow instructions. However, writers should still take into consideration the individual style of each author and use the research described above to make sure that their research fits in with the style of the journal and with other research findings.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Essay on The Nature of Marxism - Political and Economic...

All economic theories share common roots, they attempt to address the basic question of how an economy can, and should, be maintained. One of the most influential economic philosophies is Marxism. The fact that economic theories can share common roots is especially evident in Marxism; It even shares a basic premise of laissez-faire with capitalism, a philosophy it directly contradicts (Sowell 12). In studying Marxism, two basic necessities must be addressed; the nature of Marxism and its basis, and the political and economic implications of Marxism. Curiously, Marxism was only partially originated by Karl Marx. A great deal of the philosophy behind and rationalization for Marxism- perhaps even the larger part of that thought- was†¦show more content†¦Thus, Marx asserted that his views would remove in name only something that had already, at heart, been removed; he would simply treat that removal in an assisted and official way, promoting fairness in doing so (24). In investigating further the basis of Marxs philosophy, one must note the shared belief of Hegels and Marxs Dialectics. Dialectics is a philosophy at the heart of Marxism; it holds that all things exist not as what they are, but that every thing is in a transitory stage. An acorn is not simply an acorn; it is a future oak tree. A caterpillar exists as a future butterfly. By this philosophy, which can be understood and accepted rather simply (without an offhand disregard for the uniqueness and importance of each individual present stage of an object); it is Marxs later social implication of this philosophy which would meet resistance (Marx, Capital 103). As it were, Marxs Dialectics, at their heart, were simply a method whereby he claimed to understand more the essence of something, rather than its appearance. An appearance alone- the acorn, the caterpillar- fundamentally ignored the essence of something; the future oak tree, the future butterfly. Appearances were not necessaril y deceiving or untrue, they simply did not- and could not- represent the whole of somethings existence. A caterpillar is indeed a caterpillar, but since one knows that aShow MoreRelatedMarxisms Tools for Contemporary International Relations Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagescharacterizing the various dimensions of the global order, such as international politics and economics. As the world is homogenizing into neo-liberal capitalist orders, the rich substances of the Marxist school on international relations seem rather distanced. However, this essay will argue the contrary. It seeks to justify that, instead of being irrelevant under the contemporary international relations, Marxism offer vital tools to contest the hegemony of capitalism through critical lenses. This essayRead MoreThe Problem Of National Self Reliance Essay1473 Words   |  6 Pagesseems that economics reveals the weakness in humanity s attempts to both unite as one larger whole, and to maintain separate national id entities. Efforts to create a unified front, are slow and challenged by Westphalian conceptions of state sovereignty. Efforts to preserve states individuality and self-reliance reveal the human suffering that was commonplace before globalization began to smooth out the economic extremes experienced in localized areas. All politics, and economics, are local butRead MoreMarxist And Conflict Theories Of Deviance Essay1580 Words   |  7 Pagesgeneral ways in which theories differ from each other, the first is their definition of power. Marxists focus on the political economy and the capitalist system in their analyses of power and conflict, while the conflict theorists have customarily expanded their definitions of power beyond focus on the capitalist system. The second difference between the two is the policy implications that branch from the theories. Marxists tend to advocate for revolutionary overthrow of the capitalist system as theRead MoreSociological Perspective On Health And The Health Care Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pagesinteractionism focus on the conflicts in interaction amongst individuals. Moreover, social constructionism focuses on the medical facts and social authority and the reign over all in society. Also, gender and race influence the social conditions, and implications evident i n Canadian health. Class conflicts with the control of power and the relationship between the employers and employees. It enhances the inequality evident in workplaces and the social stratification; ranking one by their assets. MaterialismRead MoreCriminology1427 Words   |  6 Pagescriminological and sociological field in the 1960s and early 1970s on a scene of social and political development and sometimes, unrest. The theory, channeled through work by British criminologists Paul Taylor, Ian Walton and Jock Young, stood as questioning already established notions of crime and justice from the very beginning, with its unfamiliar foundations on a variant of Marxism known as Instrumental Marxism. The sharp theories of this school disfigured the previous ideas of crime and the justiceRead MoreMarxism : Marxism And Marxism1901 Words   |  8 PagesMarxism Final Essay – Marx vs. Marxism Nearly a century and a half has passed since Karl Marx’s death, but his work lives on in stride. Several contemporary 20th and 21st century Marxist scholars have adopted his eerily relevant critiques of capitalism into their own work, but in doing so, have revived unheeded interpretations of Marx’s theory and have uniquely diverged from his original texts in ways that reflect their individual historical, theoretical and political motives. This has resultedRead MoreThe Enlightenment View of Human Nature Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesThe Enlightenment View of Human Nature The above issue shows ‘Access the enlightenment view of human nature. What are the wider implications of different concepts of human nature?’ I have citied the main principles of this discussion and I have understood the facts and yet there is so much so depends on our conception of human nature. In individuals the meaning and purpose of our lives and what we ought to do or strive for, which may hope to achieve or even to becomeRead MoreMarxism And The Marxist Implications Of Capitalism1319 Words   |  6 PagesMarxist Implications As stated by ReviseSociology (2016), Marxism is a theory that defines the implications of a capitalist system and regime. Karl Marx believed that under capitalism there were two distinct classes, the bourgeois and the proletariat. The relationship shared amongst both class were exploitative where the working class, the proletariat, were compensated less than what the product was valued. Furthermore, those economically in power in turn controlled all other institutions. WithRead MoreTechnological Advancement is Natural1257 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironment are different than in previous centuries, and that, in fact, the very philosophy of the man-nature interaction may change again. Some look forward to these changes. Others are fearful or condemnatory. In many cases, people implicitly or explicitly argue that certain technologies are unnatural. They claim that while certain technologies may be useful, other technologies represent a form of Nature manipulation and this that tinkering is unwise. Since this argument may appear in many places, itRead MoreKarl Marx And Socialism Negatively Impacted Society1803 Words   |  8 PagesNegatively Impacted Society Marxism, also known as Socialism, and Communism, is â€Å"the political, economic, and social principles and policies advocated by a man known as Karl Marx; it is especially: a theory and practice of socialism including the labor theory of value, dialectical materialism, the class struggle, and dictatorship of the proletariat until the establishment of a classless society† (merriam-webster.com). Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels are responsible for â€Å"Marxism,† an ideology that has

Friday, May 15, 2020

Relationship between Jane and Rochester in Charlotte...

The relationship between Jane and Rochester, in Jane Eyre is an intriguing, captivating and unconventional one, right from their first meeting. Throughout the novel, Bronte conveys the struggles in which Jane is faced with, in order to have a genuine loving and equal relationship with Rochester, without betraying her own personal beliefs and principles. Also the issues of social class standing, social rules, gender roles and religion in the nineteenth century Victorian culture present as obstacles to Jane in her quest. Jane finds a companion in Rochester who can offer her the love, acceptance and sense of belonging she so yearns for. However Jane must find a way around the issues I have presented, which are a result of Victorian attitudes†¦show more content†¦It is thoughtless to condemn them, or laugh at them, if they seek to do more or learn more than custom has pronounced necessary for their sex.’ (Page 129 – 130). Therefore not only does the issue of social classes pose a risk to the level of equality Jane is able to achieve in her relationship with Rochester, but there is also this issue of gender inequality which was apparent during the nineteenth century. Jane struggles with Rochester, as he too believes women to be inferior to men, and therefore attempts to treat her as such, in some ways inadvertently to his defense. For example the way in which he attempts to dress Jane up in fine clothing and jewels after their engagement. Rochester may not realise it, but here he is effectively treating Jane as if she were one of his mistresses by lavishing her with expensive gifts. Jane makes her discomfort at this clear when she tells Rochester that she will not be his ‘English Celine Varens’ (page 311), and will continue working as Adele’s governess, in order to remain financially independent of him; ‘[†¦]by that I shall earn my board and lodging, and thirty pounds a y ear besides’ (page 311). Jane does not want to be dressed in finery by Rochester, as she fears that this will jeopardise her independence, and make her inferior to him,which is not in line with her search for equality. Later Rochester admits to Jane that he did inShow MoreRelatedVictorian Values in Jane Eyre Essay2309 Words   |  10 Pagescentury when Queen Victory died in 1901. The Victorian Age is usually divided into three sub-periods: ul li Early Victorian period. li Mid-Victorian period. li Late Victorian period. /ul The period in which Charlotte Bront#235; wrote Jane Eyre (1847) was Early Victorian period, therefore that is the stage of history which I am going to analyze in my essay. The Early Victorian period (1832-1851) The Early Victorian period was a stage of social convulsions and deep transformations

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay on Noah and the Ark - 1834 Words

Noah and the Ark The story of Noah and the ark is probably one of the most read stories of the bible. Perhaps it is because of the great tragedy it portrays, or because it is a story of salvation. Noah and his family along with the animals were saved from the flood, while the other people and animals perished as a result of it. Growing up the story of Noah and the ark was one of my favorites; Quite simply because of the drawings depicting the story. They appeared so beautiful, when after many years Im realizing the whole of the story. The story of the destruction of mankind, and the story of regrowth. I chose this topic because I realized how little I really do know about Noah and the ark. I will relay the story of Noah and the†¦show more content†¦God decided to wipe out mankind with a flood. In order to help repopulate the earth after the flood was over, God called upon Noah. God told Noah to build himself an ark out of cypress wood, with room inside. He told Noah to cover the ark, both in side and out with pitch to protect it from the waters. God instructed Noah as to the size of the ark, and what it was to look like. â€Å"The ark is to be 450 feet long, 75 feet wide, and 45 feet high. Make a roof for it and finish the ark within 18 inches of the top. Put a door in the side of the ark and make lower, middle, and upper decks.† (Genesis 6: 15-16) God also told Noah about the plan for the flood, and what he was to do with the ark. Noah, his wife, his sons, and his sons wives would all be on the ark an spared from the destruction the flood would cause. Along with his family, God wanted Noah to bring two of all living creatures, one male, and one female. Brining a male and a female of each kind of creature would allow them to reproduce and repopulate their species. The last thing God commanded Noah to do was to take every kind of food that is to be eaten and stored for his family and the creatures. Noah and his family entered the ark as God had commanded. After se ven days, the waters of the flood were over the earth. All the wellsprings of the great deep burst and the casements of the heavens were opened. (Genesis pg 32) It rained for fortyShow MoreRelatedNoah, The Ark Builder1427 Words   |  6 PagesNoah, the ark-builder finds favor with God amidst destruction and evokes the trait of being loyal. This trait represents Noah’s character well because he put great trust in God and did whatever he needed to do to save humanity and make sure that life for all living creatures were pleasant. Noah listened to God and understood why God felt the way he did about the world, he also played a vital role in the building of the ark that saved he, his family, and living creatures from the flood, and lastlyRead MoreComparing Utnapishtim And Noah s Ark1148 Words   |  5 Pagesthe many moments that symbolize intrical points which maneuver the stories along. All of these items and ideas bear similarity with two well-known myths, the story of Utnapi shtim and Noah’s Ark. In The Epic of Gilgamesh, the story of Utnapishtim and the flood that is reminiscent of the Biblical account of Noah and the flood, both utilize symbolism of the flood, the structure to survive the flood, and the birds to establish the theme that though beings are destructive, some will thrive and flourishRead MoreEssay on Noahs Ark vs. Gilgamesh Epic1552 Words   |  7 PagesNoahs Ark vs. Gilgamesh Epic   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Gilgamesh Epic is an ancient Mesopotamian story about life and the suffering one must endure while alive. Included in the story, is a tale of a great flood that covered the earth, killing all but a select few of it’s inhabitants. This story of a great flood is common to most people, and has affected history in several ways. It’s presence in the Gilgamesh Epic has caused many people to search for evidence that a great flood actually happened. It has alsoRead MoreArticle Rebuttal757 Words   |  4 Pagesit is understood the ark presented in the Bible had a higher credibility to a local flood. According to biblical studies all humankind assembled in one local region in the Middle East, before the Tower of Babel. For this reason God had no need to flood the whole world.   The flood was universal to Noah it was a fact that Noah was floating on water and that when he looked out there was nothing but water surrounding him. Noah’s complete atmosphere was flooded therefore Noah believed the world wasRead MoreEssay about The Flood of Noah and Gilgamesh1616 Words   |  7 PagesThe Flood of Noah and Gilgamesh   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the discovery of texts from ancient civilizations, many people have come to believe that various texts are common to one another. Examples of these texts are the creation stories from the Hebrews found in the Bible, The Hymn of Ra from the Egyptians, and the Enuma Elish stories from the Babylonians. In addition to these stories are the flood stories. These stories have caused many discussions among scholars involved with ancient civilizations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  TheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Last Year 988 Words   |  4 PagesLast year, the Hollywood film Noah was released. Obviously I was intrigued, so I called up my Pastor and some friends and planned to go to the cinema to see it. As many sources claimed, I can agree that this is certainly one of the least Biblical, Biblical films ever made. Of course the actual story of Noah in the bible is not very long, so it was to be expected that the producers would add some filler â€Å"Hollywood† action, but how much of Noah is actually based on the text that appears in the OldRead MoreFlood, Atrahasis Flood And The Epic Of Gilgamesh Flood1354 Words   |  6 Pagesnarrative there was a righteous man by the name of Noah that was chosen to build the ark. â€Å"Make yourself an ark of cypress wood; make rooms in the ark and cover it inside and out with a pitch† (Genesis 6:14). This shows that God had chosen Noah to be the one to build the ark. In the Epic of G ilgmesh, there was also a Noah figure as to the one chosen to build an ark, to prepare for the flood. The man that was chosen by Gilgamesh to build the ark was Ut-napishtim. Gilgamesh tells Ut-napishtim â€Å"ManRead MoreFlood Narrative ( Genesis 6-9 ) Vs. Epic Gilgamesh And Genesis1259 Words   |  6 Pagesreasons, responses, and decisions made by the main characters. In both texts, each of the main characters, Noah and Uta-napishti, were ordered to build an ark or a boat due to an incoming flood. In Genesis, God tells Noah, â€Å"Make yourself an ark of cypress wood, make rooms in the ark, and cover it inside and out with pitch† (Genesis 6:14). Noah obeys God’s orders and indeed builds an ark. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, Uta-napishti is told by God Ea, â€Å"O man of Shuruppak, son of Ubar-Tutu, demolish theRead MoreEssay on Flood Legends From Around the World1695 Words   |  7 Pagesfor Noah, his family, and the animals that he saved. The story uses many religious pieces, such as the dove, which represents the Holy Spirit. There are many objects and pieces like statues, trinkets, paintings, and things that have symbols or representations of Noah and the ark he built. This flood story is one of the more commonly told versions of the great flood. When God decided to flood the earth he saved one righteous man and his family. The righteous, deserving of life man was Noah. He foundRead More Comparing The Epic of Gilgamesh and Noah and the Flood Essay1058 Words   |  5 PagesComparing The Epic of Gilgamesh and Noah and the Flood It is said that life is 10% what you make it and 90% how you take it. It is not the circumstances of life that determine a persons character. Rather, it is the way a character responds to those circumstances that provides a display of who he is. From the Epic of Gilgamesh, as translated by N.K. Sandars, and Noah and the Flood from the Book of Genesis, both Gilgamesh and Noah face similar circumstances, but don’t always respond to them

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

How to Identify a Good Forex Signal Service free essay sample

There are more services listed online than one could ever have the time to look at or try out, but it is still important to visit a service’s website to see what the provider has to say for itself. If the provider makes outrageous claims, especially promises that the subscriber’s cost will be small, keep looking. Studying reviews of providers provided by forex trading clearinghouses might be helpful. One feature to look for in reviews is a record of good service. A potential subscriber should put a forex signal provider’s customer service to the test. This can be done by calling, emailing or sending a letter to the firm and monitoring how long it takes for the provider to respond. The quality of the response and the subscriber’s interaction with the provider should be evaluated as well. Is the service prompt, courteous and helpful? If these basic qualities are present then the provider should stay on the list of potentials. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Identify a Good Forex Signal Service or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another item to look at in a forex signal service is profit record. Obviously if the provider is not making money, then it will not be able to help anyone else make place trades to make money either! Providers may disclose or offer their records as proof, but it would be better if a subscriber could locate profit records generated by other sources such as past subscribers or income reports on his or her own, and then decide accordingly. Subscribers must note the pattern and timing of a signal service provider’s trades and calls. Signals should be useful for a longer period (i. e. a day) than not (i. e. minutes). More time-enduring signals are an indication of more sound information, and information is the primary reason a subscriber utilizes a forex signal service in the first place! The frequency of trade signals and calls from the provider to subscriber should not be too high. Frequent signals are an indication of less sound information and decisions, and also show that the provider is not as profitable as it should be. It is essential to identify a forex signal service which calls infrequently with good signals and a record of profits, no matter the method of signal alerts. Forex and ii level trading assistance is another item which must be evaluated. Highly specific types of tools are required for reading level ii quotes. A good service includes such assistance Some final points to consider when looking at different forex signal providers: The provider should indicate spread in its recommendations and how it will affect the trading system. There should be a record of average positions of all currencies for each month. Less scrupulous service providers might â€Å"alter† their records to highlight only positive results. If a subscriber keeps all of the above factors in mind when selecting a forex signal service, he or she should be able to feel confident about which provider is eventually chosen for trading alerts.

Sunday, April 12, 2020

The Prodigal Son Essay Example

The Prodigal Son Essay In only a couple of weeks we come to Great Lent, the period of fasting, prayer, and preparation before Christ rises from the dead. In order to prepare for this great event, there are a few skills that we as Orthodox Christians must keep in mind. One of these is forgiveness. Jesus’ message about forgiveness is clearly given to us in the bible through the parable of the Prodigal Son. In this story, two brothers are promised large inheritances from their father. However, while the older brother patiently waits for his inheritance, the younger brother asks for his share right away. He ends up wasting all of his money on material items, and not saving any for food or shelter. The younger son returns to his father’s house, not expecting a warms welcome. However, the father is thrilled to see him, and even prepares a banquet for him. The older brother is upset that the father welcomed the younger brother back, but the father tells him that he should be happy, because â€Å"his brother who was once lost had been found†. We as Orthodox Christians can learn a lot about forgiveness from the parable of the Prodigal Son. A lot of times many of us feel like the older brother in the story. When somebody hurts our feelings, or does something bad to us, we don’t really want to forgive them for what they did. However, God’s message is very clear. We will write a custom essay sample on The Prodigal Son specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Prodigal Son specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Prodigal Son specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Even though the younger son hurt his father by taking all of his money and wasting it, the father forgave him. We need to follow this example as well. If we can’t forgive other people for what they have done to us, then how can we expect God to forgive us for all of the things that we have done against him? If we all keep this idea in mind, and remember God’s message to forgive others, we will be able to come into Great Lent with a clean spirit, and will be much more prepared for Christ’s resurrection.

Wednesday, March 11, 2020

The Normal Heart

The Normal Heart Larry Kramer wrote The Normal Heart, a semi-autobiographical award-winning play based on his experiences as a gay man during the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in New York. The protagonist, Ned Weeks, is Kramer’s alter ego - an outspoken and acerbic personality who was the voice of reason so many people both inside and outside the gay community refused to listen to or follow. Kramer himself originated the Gay Men’s Health Crisis which was one of the first groups founded to help victims of AIDS and spread awareness of the disease. Kramer was later forced out of the group he helped to found due to the board of directors feeling he was over confrontational and hostile. Sexual Revolution In the beginning of the 1980s, the gay population in America was experiencing a sexual revolution. Especially in New York City, gay men and women finally felt free enough to come â€Å"out of the closet† and express pride in who they were and the lives they wished to lead. This sexual revolution coincided with the outbreak of HIV/AIDS and the only prevention advocated by medical personnel at that time was abstinence. This solution was unacceptable to a population of oppressed people who had finally found freedom through sexual expression. Kramer and his alter ego Ned Weeks, did his best to talk to his friends, send out information, and get government assistance to convince the gay community of the real and present danger of the as yet unnamed plague that was being transmitted sexually. Kramer was met with resistance and anger from every side and it would take over four years before any of his efforts found success. Plot Synopsis The Normal Heart spans a period of three years from 1981-1984 and chronicles the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in New York City from the perspective of the protagonist, Ned Weeks. Ned is not an easy man to love or befriend. He challenges everyone’s viewpoints and is willing to speak and speak loudly, about unpopular issues. The play opens at a doctor’s office where four gay men wait to be seen by Dr. Emma Brookner. She is one of the few doctors willing to see and attempt to treat patients who come to her with the varied and bizarre symptoms with which AIDS first presents. By the end of the first scene, two of the four men are diagnosed positive for the disease. The other two men are worried about possibly being carriers of the disease. (This bears repeating: It is important to note that the disease is so new it doesn’t have a name yet.) Ned and a few others found a group to help spread awareness of this new and deadly disease. Ned butts heads with the board of directors frequently because the board wishes to focus on helping those already infected and in trouble while Ned wants to push ideas that may prevent the spread of the disease - namely, abstinence. Ned’s ideas are distinctly unpopular and his personality renders him incapable of winning anyone to his side. Even his partner, Felix, a writer for the New York Times is reluctant to write anything having to do with this supposed homosexual disease that only seems to affect gays and junkies. Ned and his group attempt to meet with the governor of New York several times with no success. In the meantime, the number of people diagnosed and deceased from the disease begins to rise exponentially. Ned wonders if any help is ever going to come from the government and strikes out on his own to go on radio and TV to spread awareness. His actions eventually lead the group he created to force him out. The board of directors does not support his insistence on having the word â€Å"Gay† on the letterhead or return address on mailings. They do not want him doing any interviews (since he wasn’t voted president) and they do not want Ned as the main voice speaking out for the gay community. He is forced out and goes home to help his partner, Felix, now in the final stages of the disease. Production Details Setting: New York City The stage is meant to be â€Å"whitewashed† with statistics about the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemic written in plain black lettering for the audience to read. Notes about what statistics were used in the original production can be found in the script published by the New American Library. Time: 1981-1984 Cast Size: This play can accommodate 14 actors. Male Characters: 13 Female Characters: 1 Roles Ned Weeks is difficult to get along with and love. His ideas are ahead of his time. Dr. Emma Brookner is one of the first doctors to treat the new and nameless disease infecting the gay community. She is under-appreciated in her field and her advice and prevention ideas are unpopular. The character of Dr. Emma Brookner is confined to a wheelchair due to a childhood bout of polio. This wheelchair, along with her illness, is a subject of discussion in the  dialogue of the play and the actress playing her must remain seated in the wheelchair the entire production. The character of Dr. Emma Brookner is based on the real-life doctor Dr. Linda Laubenstein who was one of the first doctors to treat patients with HIV/AIDS. Bruce Niles is the handsome president of the support group Ned helped found. He is unwilling to come out of the closet at work and refuses to do any interview that might out him as a gay man. He is terrified he may be a carrier of the disease as so many of his partners have been infected and died. Felix Turner is Ned’s partner. He is a writer for the fashion and food sections of the New York Times  but is still reluctant to write anything to publicize the disease even after he is infected. Ben Weeks is Ned’s brother. Ben swears he supports Ned’s lifestyle, but his actions often betray an underlying uneasiness with his brother’s homosexuality. Smaller Roles David Tommy Boatwright Craig Donner Mickey Marcus Hiram Keebler Grady Examining Doctor Orderly Orderly Content Issues: Language, sex, death, graphic details about the end stages of AIDS Resources Samuel French holds the production rights for The Normal Heart. In 2014, HBO released a movie of the same name.

Sunday, February 23, 2020

A self assessment on intercultural negotiating skills Essay - 1

A self assessment on intercultural negotiating skills - Essay Example This paper looks at issues surrounding intercultural negotiations. Qualities of a Good Intercultural Negotiator A good cross-cultural negotiator should be a good observer and listener. He is able to observe how people from two different cultural backgrounds communicates and is thus able to develop a common ground where the two parties can understand each other. Another characteristic that a good communicator should bear is the ability to communicate clearly and precisely. He should be able to identify the root problem of the conflict and communicate it to the parties involved (JANDT, 2010: 65). He should then communicate the need to first deal with the root problem as a way of eradicating the problem completely. A good intercultural communicator should never assume anything. When in doubt about something, he should ask for clarification from the parties involved. He should also not shy away from paraphrasing statement to ensure that there is no misunderstanding Assumptions may lead t o the negotiator making decisions based on stereotypes and not fact. This would make the party which is affected by the cultural stereotype to be dissatisfied with the solution and the conflict is not amicably resolved. A negotiator should also be flexible in terms of negotiation (FISHER & PATTON, 1992: 32). It is okay to conduct a background research on the conflict and come up with ways of resolving the conflict before meeting the parties. However, a good negotiator should be able to change his solutions in line with new information acquired during the negotiation process. Self assessment on the Simulation of the role of an Intercultural Negotiator In the case I was negotiating upon as an MP of Dunston area involved convincing Spitzer UK Company to continue operating within the area. The company had invested in the area but was now closing its operations in Duston as it stopped some of its research projects respiratory and allergy. This move would result in 2400 people losing thei r jobs. This is against my promises to the people of increasing job opportunities. I resolved this problem by talking to Duston mayor to find a way that we could stop the company from leaving the district. A meeting was organized between the Spitzer company managers and the mayor. For the company to continue operating in the district, the mayor would provide the necessary infrastructure needed such as roads. He would also relax the tax requirements making this region attractive to Spitzer. This was with the condition that they retain all the employees. The company would then work on its existing researches in Dunston. Eventually the company agreed to continue with its operation but would have to reduce the current employees by 20% in order to cut on costs. One mistake that I made when going to the negotiations is that I believed that the only solution to the problem was having all the employees retained. However, after talking with the parties involved and almost repulsing the Spitz er company manager, I realized that there was another solution. If the company agreed to retain its operations in the district with 80% of employees, it would soon need to employ more people as it started working on new project. The deal may not be what I wanted at the moment but the company would employ more people in the longrun (GIBSON, 2002: 49). If the company refused the deal and moved its

Friday, February 7, 2020

Innovation and Technology Management - Long Tail Essay

Innovation and Technology Management - Long Tail - Essay Example rd to the explosion of online commerce and distribution is that this new distribution medium is changing the way products and services are consumed, away from the traditional model of mass consumption that is premised on scarcity of distribution resources and the need for hits to keep the markets for all kinds of goods and services viable and humming via a reliance on hits. In the new distribution paradigm, there is no additional cost to keeping non-hit products in the inventory, especially with regard to electronic goods such as music and books, and that pioneering companies in the new distribution channels, such as Amazon and Netflix, as well as Apple for music, are finding out that non-hit music, books and movies kept in stock and easily procured by specific niche consumers have come to constitute a steady stream of on-going business, This is to the extent that in some cases, the cumulative sales of these so-called long-tail products and services have come to account for a large p ortion of the total sales of these firms, dwarfing or becoming comparable to the sales of the hits products and services that used to account for all the sales. This is a new business reality that is the result of the online commerce revolution itself, and promises to be a very profitable new reality for those who know how to capitalize on the knowledge and implications of the long tail (Anderson 2004). The literature has come to unearth a large number of phenomena in the business world relating to the long tail, even as the term itself has come to be associated with the returns that can be had from keeping goods in stock for those items that are not in large demand but whose costs of distribution, marketing, warehousing, storage and merchandising are low enough that those costs are offset by marginal sales. Statistically too, the implication of the long tail concept is that there is money to be made within that area of the probability distribution for a population lying at the tails

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Describe the possible signs Essay Example for Free

Describe the possible signs Essay Bullying is not defined as a form of abuse in Working Together but there is clear evidence that it is abusive and will include at least one, if not two, three or all four, of the defined categories of abuse. Recognising child abuse is not easy. It is not our responsibility to decide whether or not child abuse has taken place or if a child is at significant risk of harm from someone. We do however, have both a responsibility and duty, as set out in your organisation’s child protection procedures, to act in order that the appropriate agencies can investigate and take any necessary action to protect a child. Physical abuse Physical abuse is deliberately causing physical harm to a child. This might involve punching; kicking, biting, burning, scalding, shaking, throwing or beating with objects such as belts, whips, or sticks. It also includes poisoning, giving a child alcohol or illegal drugs, drowning or suffocation. Physical harm may also be caused when a parent or carer fabricates the symptoms of illness in a child. Signs of Physical Abuse There are certain signs that need to be acknowledged when suspicion arises that physical abuse is occurring: Any injuries not consistent with the explanation given to staff. Injuries which occur to any part of the body but usually in places which are not normally exposed to falls or rough games Injuries which have not received medical attention Reluctance to change in the heat, or to change/participate in activities such as, PE or swimming Bruises (usually in clusters), human bites, cigarette burns and fractures, for example, which do not have an accidental explanation multiple burns with a clearly demarcated edge Fear of parents being approached for an explanation Flinching when approached or touched Aggressive behaviour and/or sudden anger outbursts Depression Running away from home Possible effects of physical abuse Physical abuse can lead directly to neurological damage, physical injuries, disability and in extreme cases death. Physical abuse has been linked to aggressive behavior in children, emotional and behavioral problems and learning difficulties. Emotional Abuse Emotional abuse is where repeated verbal threats, criticism, shouting, lack of love and affection causes a severe adverse effect on a childs emotional development. It consists of communicating to children that they are worthless, unloved, and inadequate or valued. Emotional abuse may include not giving a child opportunities to express their views, deliberately silencing them or making fun of what they say. It may feature inappropriate expectations being imposed on a child, over protection and limitation of exploration and learning, or preventing the child from taking part in normal social interaction. Signs of possible emotional abuse †¢ Depression, aggression, extreme anxiety, changes or regression in mood or behavior, particularly where a child withdraws or becomes clingy †¢ Obsessions or phobias †¢ Sudden underachievement or lack of concentration †¢ Seeking adult attention and not mixing well with other children †¢ Sleep or speech disorders †¢ Low self-esteem †¢ Fear of parents/carer being approached regarding their behavior †¢ Fear of making mistakes Possible effects of emotional abuse This type of abuse can lead to adverse long-term effects on the child’s development. Emotional abuse has a significant impact on a developing childs mental health, behavior and self-esteem. This type of abuse is as important as the other three types, and can be detected as the signs are more visible and can be easily detected. Domestic violence, adult mental health problems and parental substance misuse may be features in families where children are exposed to such abuse. Sexual Abuse Sexual abuse involves forcing or enticing a child or young person to take part in sexual activities, whether or not the child is aware of what is happening. This may involve physical contact including penetrative sex, oral sex, masturbation, kissing, rubbing, or touching outside of clothing, or it may involve non-contact activities such as involving children in watching sexual activities, producing or looking at sexual images, encouraging children to behave in sexually inappropriate ways, or grooming a child in preparation for abuse (including via the internet). Abusers can be men, women or other children. Between 21% and 36% of sexually abused children will display few or no symptoms but it is usually a child’s behavior which becomes a cause for concern. Children who tell of sexual abuse do so because they want it to stop therefore is extremely important to listen to a child that discloses such an allegation. Signs of possible sexual abuse †¢ Any allegations made by a child concerning sexual abuse †¢ self-harming, sometimes leading to suicide attempts †¢ Sexual activity through words, play or drawing †¢ Repeated urinary infections, itching or bleeding around genital area and/or unexplained stomach pains †¢ The child is sexually provocative or seductive with adults †¢ Saying they have a secrets that they cannot share with anyone †¢ Severe sleep disturbances with fears, phobias, vivid dreams or nightmares which sometimes have overt or veiled sexual connotations or bedwetting †¢ Eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia Possible effects of sexual abuse Behavior such as self-harm, inappropriate sexual behavior, sadness, depression and loss of self-esteem has all been linked to sexual abuse. The effects of sexual abuse can affect the individual into their adult life. The extent or the severity of each case is determined by the time span of abuse, the more serious the abuse, the younger the child is and the relationship of the child to the abuser. Once sexual abuse has been identified the support of an adult who believes the child helps, starts to help the child understand the abuse and can therefore offer help and protection to the abused child. Neglect Neglect has been described as the â€Å"most serious type of child maltreatment and the least understood† (Crittenden 1999: 67). It is the most common reason for a child to be placed on the child protection register in the UK. Neglect is the failure to meet a child’s basic physical and or psychological needs, which is likely to affect the child’s health or development. Neglect is when a parent or carer fails to provide adequate food, clothing, shelter (including exclusion from home or abandonment), medical care, or protection from physical and emotional harm or danger. Additionally failure to ensure access to education or to look after a child because the carer is under the influence of alcohol or drugs, is considered as Neglect. Signs of possible neglect †¢ Dirty skin, body smells, unwashed, uncombed hair and untreated lice †¢ Clothing that is dirty, too big or small, or inappropriate for weather conditions †¢ frequently left unsupervised or alone †¢ Frequent diarrhoea †¢ complaints of being tired all the time †¢ Untreated illnesses, infected cuts or physical complaints which the carer doesn’t respond to †¢ frequently hungry sometimes stealing other children’s food †¢ Being underweight Possible effects of neglect Neglect can seriously impair a childs health, physical and intellectual growth and development, and can cause long term difficulties with social functioning, relationships and educational progress. Extreme cases of neglect can cause death. Bullying Bullying is also recognized as a type of abuse. Bullying is always distressing for the victim and can have serious consequences. Bullying should always be taken seriously. Emotional bullying is the most commonly reported by children and young people and is often more difficult to spot. Bullying can take place both inside and outside of the school. Bullying happens when an individual or a group show hostility towards an individual and this can be: †¢ Emotional, such as name-calling, not talking to someone, taking or hiding personal items, humiliating, spreading rumors or teasing †¢ Physical, such as pushing, kicking, hitting, pinching or threatening to use physical force †¢ Racist, such as racial taunts or gestures †¢ Sexual, such as inappropriate physical contact, sexual comments and innuendo, or homophobic taunts. Signs of possible bullying Loss of personal possessions, dinner money or items of clothing Torn clothing, maybe even having cuts and bruises (if physically bullied) Shyness, withdrawn behavior, lack of self-esteem and depression Aggressive, bad tempered behavior and may become aggressive to younger siblings Threaten or attempt suicide Not achieving very well academically Not wanting to leave their home Possible effects of bullying Bullying will most definitely affect a child’s social and emotional development as they have very low self-esteem maybe depression and will probably try to isolate themselves from others which will have a profound effect on their social skills with their peers and pretty much everybody around them, they may become aggressive and bad tempered and may threaten or attempt suicide and in some extreme cases may actually commit suicide. Cyber-bullying In recent years, a new form of bullying known as ‘cyber-bullying’ has become increasingly common. Cyber-bullying may be emotional, racist or sexual forms of abuse. It happens through emails, text messages or telephone calls. Information about someone may also be shared by putting it on to social networking sites. This can include the sharing of private photographs. Children and young people who use this method of bullying often feel disassociated from their actions, but the consequences can be just as serious for the child. This type of bullying can be particularly distressing as children are unable to get away from it, it even invades their home.

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

business plan Essays -- essays research papers

Wedding Consultants 1.0 Executive Summary CMG Wedding Consultants is a full service company that provides complete consulting services for weddings, birthdays, anniversaries and every other special event. Our consultants are experienced and dedicated professionals with many years of event planning experience. CMG is unique in that we give our clients our undivided attention. We listen to their needs and work with them to create the event of their dreams. Our clients' wishes become our commands. So whether our client wants a Western, Tropical, Las Vegas or more traditional wedding, we can help. Our services include weddings, honeymoons, receptions, anniversary consultations, budget planning, answers to etiquette questions, as well as full-service florists, hair stylists, entertainers, musicians, etc. We also provide the inventions and thank you notes 1.1 Objectives Whether this is our client's first wedding, a renewal of their vows or their anniversary, we want every detail of their event to be both a pleasurable and a memora ble experience. With our full service the client does not have to stress on getting everything done, we do it all for them. Therefore we offer a host of packages and services specifically tailored to the needs of each couple. 1.2 Mission At CMG our mission is to keep our customers pleased! Party’s can be very stressful and time consuming, we are here to take the pressure of the client so they can spend more leisure time with family. We listen to their needs and work with them to create the event of their dreams. Our client’s wishes become our commands. We are confident that this business venture will be a success and we estimate that our 1.3 Keys to Success The keys to our success are as follows: 1. Service our clients' needs promptly and efficiently. 2. Maintain excellent working relationships with vendors such as musicians, hair salons and bridal shops. 3. Maintain a professional image at all times. net income will increase more than 10% by the second year. 2.0 Compa ny Summary CMG Wedding Consultants is a start-up company that provides wedding, reunions, and anniversary consulting services to brides, grooms and other family members. We are a full-service bridal consulting group and our goal is to put the fun back into planning a wedding, birthday or anniversary party. Too many people become overly stressed and frustrated when plan... ...eivables $51,322 $67,444 $74,775 Subtotal Cash from Operations $89,442 $113,188 $125,093 Additional Cash Received Extraordinary Items $0 $0 $0 Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received $0 $0 $0 New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0 New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 Sales of other Short-term Assets $0 $0 $0 Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 Capital Input $0 $0 $0 Subtotal Cash Received $89,442 $113,188 $125,0 Expenditures 2001 2002 2003 Expenditures from Operations: Cash Spent on Costs and Expenses $1,396 $1,029 $1,150 Wages, Salaries, Payroll Taxes, etc. $53,100 $76,200 $85,800 Payment of Accounts Payable $11,446 $9,556 $10,252 Subtotal Spent on Operations $65,942 $86,785 $97,202 Additional Cash Spent Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0 Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 Purchase Other Short-term Assets $0 $0 $0 Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 Dividends $0 $0 $0 Adjustment for Assets Purchased on Credit $0 $0 $0 Subtotal Cash Spent $65,942 $86,785 $97,202 Net Cash Flow $23,500 $26,404 $27,891 Cash Balance $28,500 $54,903 $82,794

Sunday, January 12, 2020

The medical model emphasizes exclusively

The medical model emphasizes exclusively on treating specific physical diseases and concerned with resolving health problems and does not emphasize prevention. The holistic model of health is defined by the 1947 WHO definition as a â€Å"state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. †The holistic model integrates the medical model perspective and also introduced the idea of positive health.The social epidemiologic model of health focus on individual level measures, or on emergent social properties that have no correlation at the individual level.The social epidemiologic model overlaps with social sciences like medical sociology and medical geography (Krieger 2002, p. 698).(2. )The debate between alternative and conventional medicines can be quite convincing but leaves those who are not aware of this issue to be either dangerously ignorant or confused. Thus, the impact of science on the rise of conventional (AMA) me dicine put at stake human health and human lives. According to the American Medical Association, the fourth leading cause of death in America is the use of prescription drugs.It accounts for reactions to drugs that were properly prescribed and reported cases. Thus, the exact and precise figure is undoubtedly far worse.(3. ) The main difference between modern and alternative traditional approaches is that the modern approach focuses on the cause of the ailment (Magar 2009). The modern approach concentrates on factors causing the disease, remedies and deal with abnormality as an independent entity. The alternative approach often opposes evidence-based practice and including therapies with an historical or cultural basis, but not scientific basis.(4. ) The wellness lifestyles can yield an impact on the lives of individuals. Thus, the wellness lifestyles can be made into a sociological concept given that there is a rising interest in health, fitness and well-being as an individual conce rn and a parallel concern of organizations, communities and nations (Schuster et al. 2004, p. 357-367).(5. ) Cassidy (1995) notes that the two paradigms namely reductionism (used by bioscientists) and holism (used by alternative healthcare) are incompatible to the ways of biomedicine and CAM.This distinction relates to problems in CAM because the two paradigms reflect two different ways of constructing reality in the society. Thus, the integration of CAM into medicine results to therapies of CAM adopted by medicine without the needed philosophical elements.(6. ) RCT has an issue of internal validity versus external validity. Most RCT designs have high validity based on reductionist scientific paradigm but have low external validity due to misrepresentation of the holistic essence of homeopathy. Homeopathy is a popular form of alternative medicine.(7. ) The choice of outcome measures should match the CAM intervention by matching the desired outcomes of the key participants and its va lidity in terms of measuring what it intends to measure in the study as a form of quality assurance.(8. ) The limitation of RCT is that it lacks qualitative measurement of data (Verhoef, 2002). The limitations of RCT with regard to research on CAM are that it is ineffective in testing more than one hypothesis and is an inappropriate model to evaluate the effectiveness of homeopathy.(9.) The outcome research in CAM can have another alternative to RCT when research uses randomized controlled trials to test in efficacy of the medicines used in homeopathy.(10. ) The most important concept I learned from writing this paper is that models of health greatly differ from each other in terms of their respective approaches and goals. The difference of the models of health possesses the same subject of either conventional or alternative medicines. Works Cited Krieger N. A glossary for social epidemiology. J Epidemiol Community Health. Oct 2001;55(10):693-700. Reprinted in Epidemiological Bullet in, Vol. 23 No. 1, March 2002

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Five Facts to Know About Electric Cars

How much do you know about electric cars? Whether youre in the market for a new or used electric car or already own an electric car and just want more information about how your car operates; well  expand on some of the simpler details about the vehicles of now and the future. Gas Tanks Go Empty - Batteries Go Dead This fact has resulted in much range anxiety among prospective electric car buyers and in fact, has also contributed to the popularity of hybrid cars. But just like other batteries, car batteries can be recharged. It is generally recommended that electric cars be plugged in overnight for a full charge, but charging stations are beginning to be put into place that would allow an electric car to become charged in as few as 20 minutes, though there is concern the quick charge doesnt last as long as an overnight charge. Hybrid Cars Are Two Car Types in One Owning an electric car doesnt mean you must own a second car unless you frequently need to travel long distances. Hybrid electric cars, because they can go unlimited distances by relying on an onboard gas combustion engine, can be an alternative if thats the case. The range of electric cars can vary and is affected by things like weight and driving habits. Electric Cars Tend to Be Smaller However, they are equally as safe as gas-powered cars of the same class. The reason many cars are small is due to the low energy density of batteries and the tie in between weight and range. Electric Cars Can Be Pricier While the price of an EV is set by market forces, and some have argued that electric cars should be priced lower than conventional because, on an equivalent production basis, they are cheaper to build with fewer parts. Electric cars can also be cheaper to maintain for the same reason, though they do require the purchase of a replacement battery about every 4 to 5 years. Electric Cars Have Multiple Benefits They provide a quieter ride with less air pollution. They are also less costly to operate, something to keep in mind if your favorite electric car falls slightly out of your budget range. Electric cars should be more reliable since they have fewer parts. And while the idea of an electric car may seem knew, in reality, they have been around for nearly 150 years.